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light, and will therefore have to be fine, lines, 'while the corresponding opposite edges b'c and c'd', as they will cast a shadow on the HP, must be thick, or shadow lines. Of the "cast shadows" thrown on the YP and HP by the cube in the positions shown, we shall speak later on. 36. To show the importance of correctness in the use of fine and thick lines in an outline drawing, we give in Fig. 135 a very simple drawing which may be made, by a different application of such lines, to represent totally different objects. The figure being drawn-in altogether in fine lines may represent anything; say a square thin plate of any material, with a small square lined-in on its surface. To give an idea of substance or thickness in the plate, this would be effected by thickening the lines from A to B and B to D, as in Fig. 136. The inner square would represent a " recess " in the plate by thickening the lines ac and cd, as in Fig. 136 ; but if the opposite sides, ab, bd, of this small square were thick lines, then this square would represent a "projection" on the surface of the plate or slab as shown in Fig. 137. That Figs. 136 and 137 are plans or horizontal projections of objects is evidenced by the position of their shadow, or thick lines, the shadows cast by their projecting edges shown in indicating the direction in which the light falls upon them. The original drawing, Fig. 135, may be either a plan or elevation, there being nothing in its lining to show which is intended. The student should be careful to note that even in this simple drawing of only eight lines, the reversing of the positions of the thick lines bounding two of the sides of the inner square produces not only a different appearance in the object, but gives quite a different reading as to its construction.